Resources
This page includes a curated list of resources about attacks on education, education in emergencies, and related topics from various education, development, humanitarian, and human rights organizations, as well as from academic researchers. It is intended to be a resource bank of advocacy, research, and response articles, reports, books, websites, datasets, and other relevant materials.
Report
This report explores the particular aspects of state responsibility for human rights violations committed by armed non-state actors (ANSAs) in its territory.
Eatwell, Tatyana
|
2018
Geneva Call
Report
The following is a set of recommendations for states to consider when seeking to implement each commitment within the Safe Schools Declaration in a way that will better protect women and girls.
2018
GCPEA
Report
This briefing paper addresses the progress that Afghanistan had made since 2001 on increasing access to education for Afghani children, and how due to ongoing conflict, increasing insecurity and attacks on education, there has been a reversal in this progress since 2018.
2018
GCPEA
Book
This book examines and analyses the concept, the process, and the consequences of conflict internationalization from the perspective of international law.
Mačák, Kubo
|
2018
Report
The 2019 GEM Report continues its assessment of progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) on education and its ten targets, specifically focusing this year on the implications of different types of migration and displacement for education systems but also the impact that reforming education curricula and approaches to pedagogy and teacher preparation can have on addressing the challenges and opportunities posed by migration and displacement.
Global Education Monitoring Report Team
|
2018
UNESCO
Article
This article details the ICRC's position on the Safe Schools Declaration and the Guidelines for Protecting Schools and Universities from Military Use during Armed Conflict.
2018
ICRC
Book
This book explains the principles of international law and exposes the debates and challenges that underlie it.
Evans, Malcom
|
2018
Article
The purpose of this document is to outline how and to what extent the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) will engage in operations and policy in education.
2018
ICRC
Report
Armed Non-State Actors Share Their Policies and Practice with Regards to Education in Armed Conflict
A report on Geneva Call's findings on how to work with ANSAs to protect children and education from conflict.
2017
Geneva Call
Report
This report is a summary on the workshop hosted by Norway, Sierra Leone, Zambia, and the GCPEA that focused on the implementation of the Guidelines for Protecting Schools and Universities from Military Use during Armed Conflict with representatives from ministries of defense, education, and the national armed forces of 14 of the 17 African states that already endorsed the Safe Schools Declaration, as well as regional and international peacekeeping and education experts.
2017
GCPEA
Book
This study aims to clarify when and how armed groups are bound by human rights law.
Fortin, Katharine
|
2017
Guidelines
This Toolkit is based upon the Guidelines for Protecting Schools and Universities from Military Use during Armed Conflict and comprises a number of practical tools intended as teaching aids, guidance and aides memoire for national Ministries of Defense, military trainers, officers and soldiers, and their equivalent for non-state armed groups, involved in the planning and conduct of military operations.
2017
GCPEA
Guidelines
This document serves as a technical guide for ministries of education, local education officials, communities, NGOs, and international agencies
seeking to develop localized templates on actions that school-based actors can take to protect schools, students, and teachers from attack.
Keenan, Caroline
|
2017
GCPEA
Report
This Framework for Action seeks to provide governments with a non-exhaustive list of suggestions, recommendations, and examples that can assist them as they determine the appropriate way to implement the
commitments made through endorsement of the Safe Schools Declaration.
2017
GCPEA
Report
This document was jointly prepared by the International Committee of the Red Cross and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies to propose resolutions for factors impeding humanitarian rights in education.
2017
Book
This book takes on the complex issues and controversies surrounding the history, theory, and practice of customary international law as it reexamines customary law's increasingly important role in world affairs.
Lepard, Brian
|
2017
Paper
This article examines the principal arguments against implicit detention authority and then applies the law of treaty interpretation to international humanitarian law's detention-related provisions.
Murray, Daragh
|
2017
Report
This article-by-article Commentary takes into account developments in the First Convention and practice to provide up-to-date interpretations of the Convention.
2016
International Committee of the Red Cross
Guidelines
Guide to Implementing the Principles of State Responsibility
to Protect Higher Education from Attack
This guide is a result of the GCPEA conducting a wide-ranging consultation with representatives of higher education networks and associations from Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia and the Americas to understand the causes and consequences of such attacks and to identify measures to increase protection.
GCPEA's Higher Education Working Group
|
2016
GCPEA
Report
This report highlights the current and impending challenges facing education in the world and provides recommendations to governments to encourage the prioritization of protecting education.
International Commission on Financing Global Education Opportunity
|
2016
Report
The aim of this paper is to describe what is actually being done in the
field at the school-level to protect education from attack, identifying
the risks and challenges involved, and drawing out lessons learned and
recommendations from these measures as well as other literature on
the topic.
Smith, Melinda
|
2016
GCPEA
Book
Using a distinctly contextual approach, this book addresses the challenges of the diversity of interpretation within Islamic legal traditions, by combining theoretical perspectives on Islamic law with insight into how local understandings impact on the application of law in Muslim daily life.
Ali, Shaheen Sardar
|
2016
Report
This report summarizes the GCPEA hosted workshop that brought together more than 75 field practitioners, program managers, and
Ministry of Education officials, who comprised country teams from 11 different countries, to examine how to better safeguard education in conflict.
2016
GCPEA
Book
This book is concerned with the international regulation of non-state armed groups and specifically, it examines the possibility of subjecting armed groups to international human rights law obligations.
Murray, Daragh
|
2016
Report
This paper describes how current humanitarian aid systems neglect the education of children and adolescents in countries affected by or emerging from conflict, and more and better targeted aid is needed.
Various Authors
|
2015
UNESCO
Report
This commentary provides a detailed dissection of the Guidelines for Protecting Schools and Universities from Military Use during Armed Conflict.
2015
GCPEA
Report
This study uses examples from every region of the world, and demonstrates both the practice of militaries using education institutions and the consequences of such use for students, educators and communities.
2015
GCPEA
Report
This report details the value of education through the perspective of child interviews and summarizes the cost of failing to protect education from attack.
2015
Save The Children
Guidelines
This manual covers the concrete steps required for the implementation of the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols, the various weapons treaties, the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and other relevant treaties.
2015
International Committee of the Red Cross
Report
This report is the first of a three-part series addressing the urgent issue of access to education for Syrian refugee schoolchildren in Turkey, Jordan, and Lebanon.
Gee, Stephanie
|
2015
Human Rights Watch
Paper
This article examines the legal basis underpinning the application of international humanitarian law treaties to non-state armed groups.
Murray, Daragh
|
2015
Guidelines
This Menu of Actions is intended as a resource to empower
personnel of ministries responsible for education to better prevent
attacks on education or protect schools from military use, mitigate the impact of attacks when they do occur, and respond to attacks.
Koons, Cynthia
|
2015
GCPEA
Report
The goal of this paper is to serve as a guide for involving communities in protecting education in ways that harness the benefits and minimize the risks.
Thompson, Hannah;
|
2014
GCPEA
Report
This report describes the significant impact of Boko Haram on schools in Nigeria, specifically highlighting the abductions of women and girls, and the lasting consequences of their violence.
Muscati, Samer; Segun, Mausi
|
2014
Human Rights Watch
Article
This article describes the impact of Boko Haram on schools in Nigeria, specifically highlighting the violence toward women and female students.
2014
Human Rights Watch
Report
This publication identifies trends in the practice and contribution of UN human rights mechanisms to the protection of education in times of insecurity and armed conflict and offers recommendations on how such protection might be strengthened.
Karimova, Takhmina et al.
|
2014
Geneva Academy
None
This document serves as a call-to-action for states to protect higher education from attack.
2014
GCPEA
Report
This briefing paper focuses specifically on targeted attacks on elementary and secondary education personnel and measures implemented to protect them.
Smith, Melinda; Koons, Cynthia; et al.
|
2014
GCPEA
Paper
The article analyzes the nature and meaning of peremptory norms in international law, as well as their relationship with obligations towards the international community as a whole.
de Wet, Erika
|
2013
Article
This article describes the ruling of the ICC on Thomas Lubanga's war crime of conscripting and enlisting children under the age of 15 and using them to participate actively in hostilities in conflicts not of an international character.
Urban, Nicole
|
2012
Book
In this evaluation of the international legal standing of the right to reparation and its practical implementation at the national level, Christine Evans outlines State responsibility and examines the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice, the Articles on State Responsibility of the International Law Commission and the convergence of norms in different branches of international law, notably human rights law, humanitarian law and international criminal law.
Evans, Chrsitine
|
2012
Paper
The purpose of this article is to give further legitimacy to the role of human rights law in armed conflict and show that cooperation between the UN and the ICRC has a long history.
Fortin, Katharine
|
2012
Book
Conor McCarthy's study of the Rome Statute's regime of victim redress provides a comprehensive exploration of this framework, examining both its reparations regime and its scheme for the provision of victim support through the ICC Trust Fund.
McCarthy, Conor
|
2012
Report
This updated preliminary survey by Amnesty International of legislation around the world is designed to assist the Sixth Committee in its annual discussions of universal jurisdiction.
2012
Amnesty International
Report
A paper focused on the provision of education while in armed conflict emergencies.
Talbot, Christopher
|
2012
NORRAG
Guidelines
The objective of the UNESCO-UIS/OECD/EUROSTAT data collection on education statistics is to provide internationally comparable data on key aspects of education systems, specifically on the participation and completion of education programs, as well as the cost and type of resources dedicated to education.
2012
UNESCO
Report
Developed by UNICEF, the UN Global Compact and Save the Children – the Children’s Rights and Business Principles (the Principles) are the first comprehensive set of principles to guide companies on the full range of actions they can take in the workplace, marketplace and community to respect and support children’s rights.
2012
UNICEF
Paper
The article analyses the European Court of Human Rights’ judgments in Al-Skeini v. United Kingdom and Al-Jedda v. United Kingdom.
Milanović, Marko
|
2012
Book
This report examines the laws and practices of 56 countries around the world, and evaluates global progress on ensuring that schools and other education facilities are protected during times of conflict
Sheppard, Bede
|
2011
Human Rights Watch
Report
This study documents nine types of field-based measures in 20 countries, and develops priorities for a research agenda on programmatic measures to protect education from attack.
Groneman, Christine
|
2011
GCPEA
